space researches

UDC 528.88:502.171

HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY PROCESSING: AN OVERVIEW
Kozoderov V.V.1, Kondranin T.V.2, Dmitriev E.V.3

1 Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991, Russia, e-mail: vkozod@mail.ru;

2 Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per., 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russia, e-mail: kondr@kondr.rector.mipt.ru

3 Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Institute of Numerical Mathematics of Russian Academy of Science, ul. Gubkina, 8, Moscow, Moscow, 119333, Russia, e-mail: yegor@mail.ru

Abstract. Imaging spectrometers with hundreds of spectral channels in visible and infrared region are designed by various companies to enhance the information content of the relevant hyperspectral imagery processing as compared with the common-used multispectral systems. We review some relevant literature sources on this particular subject. Besides that, we discuss some results of the information products obtained by an imaging spectrometer produced in Russia for a test area, where ground-based forest inventory map is available to compare the traditional approaches and the newly defined ones.

Key words: hyperspecral imagery processing, ground-based forest inventory, comparison

climatology

UDC 551.343:551.8

KEY TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTEMPORARY CLIMATE DYNAMICS OF THE NORTH
Shatz M.M.1, Skachkov Yu.B.2

1Cand.Sci. (Geography), Senior Research Officer, Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Siberian Branch, RAS, Yakutsk, Russia, 236019, Kaliningrad, Belanov St., 10, quarter 13, e-mail: mmshatz@mail.ru

2Cand. Sci. (Geography), Senior Research Fellow, Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Siberian Branch, RAS, Yakutsk, Russia., 677010, ul.Merzlotnaya, d. 36, e-mail: ubskachkov@mpi.ysn.ru

Abstract. The article describes the temporal dynamics of the existing ideas on the basic trends of climate change and its consequences for the main components of geosystem in the North of Russian Federation. These views were substantially different in the thematic focus, especially at the initial stage of the study of the problem. At the end of the last and the beginning of this century, there was almost unanimous opinion on the unique and universal "global" warming. Later, with the expansion of thematic integrated approach and appropriate involvement of experts in different areas, the understanding of the problem has significantly enhanced and changed. The main focus of the present article is focused on the study result of the effects of climate change for one of the most stable components of the environment – permafrost. The article shows that the history of the climate development of the Russian North is a constant alternation of periods of warming-cooling in the lower layers of the atmosphere due to various reasons. All these periods, depending on the activity and intensity of the thermal exposure source have had influenced permafrost rock on a different level.

It was noted that along with the natural, there's a less massive but a significant impact on permafrost by technogenic factors.

Keywords: main trends of climate change; the impact of climate change on permafrost; natural and technogenic factors

complex systems. experiment, theory, practice, discussion

UDC 517.958:57

ORIGINAL WAYS OF COLOR-LIGHT MODELING FOR INTELLIGENT PROCESSING OF INFORMATION DATABASES
Gorbunova E.A.

chemical engineer, geologist, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: gorb_a@mail.ru

Abstract.
Intellectual methods of information processing require their constant development by rethinking of accumulated experience both individual and universal, and by creating new methods and ways for the synthesis of new knowledge and the formation of a future information environment.

At a certain stage of the evolution of mankind, the invention of writing as a result of the selection and storage of signs and symbols in their graphic execution, figuratively speaking, the invention of signs and symbols reflecting the phenomenon and the trace of human thought played a major role in the development of information processing and storage systems. The semantics and meaning of signs and their combinations are transferred from generation to generation, the meaning of their physical prototype is gradually lost, the graphic form is unified, and the semantic one goes into the field of abstraction.

The present work is devoted to a brief exposition of the original method of color-light modeling for the intellectual processing of information databases, mathematical reasoning of this method for the studying of nucleotide sequences and their classification.

The article presents the model in the field of geochemistry for the classification of mineralogical associations and mineral structures.

Key words: mathematical modeling, nucleotide sequences, geological and biological evolution, methodical techniques of visualization of system information, color-light modeling

UDC 539.19+544.14

THE KEYS TO THE UNIVERSE
Vinnik M. M.1, Vinnik M. A.2

1Engineering expert, Moscow, Russia

2Dr. Sci. (Pedagogic), The Earth Science Museum at the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: vin_nik@mail.ru

Abstract. Nature, lacking mind, self-develop from simple to complex, creating a sustainable and advanced forms of living and non-living matter. The inevitability of development due to the energy of Coulomb interaction of charges, which form the material world. The present work is devoted to determine atoms energy.

Keyword: energy balance, atom energy